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The liver is frequently affected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, but involvement is commonly subclinical and self-limited. Severe and potentially fatal EBV hepatitis has also been occasionally reported in immunocompromised patients and, even more rarely, in immunocompetent individuals.
In these two, antibodies to this autoantigen persisted and increased after infectious mononucleosis, and autoimmune hepatitis developed within 4 months. In susceptible individuals, EBV is a trigger for autoimmune hepatitis.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a DNA virus associated with infectious mononucleosis (IM) in children and young adults. It may cause moderate and transitory increase of liver enzymes; however, in rare cases, severe liver injury and even fatal ALF may occur [4].
Patients with glandular fever, caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, can also suffer from an attack of hepatitis. chronic hepatitis – lasting longer than six months.
2/17 (12%) patients with EBV hepatitis presented with the classical features of infectious mononucleosis (fever, sore throat and lymphadenopathy). Splenomegaly was present in 15/17 (88%) of patients. Symptoms lasted for a median 8 weeks (range 1–12 weeks).
Infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection sometimes causes acute hepatitis, which is usually self-limiting with mildly elevated transaminases, but rarely with jaundice.
Research suggests as many as 14 percent of people infected with EBV experience some liver enlargement. (1,2,7) Jaundice Some people with mono may experience jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin and the whites around your eyes.
EBV is a non-eosinophilic virus, but it is also a pathogen that causes liver injury, and even liver failure [8,9,10]. Autoimmune liver diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, have a potential causative link with EBV [11].
EBV infection can affect a person’s brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Mono can cause temporary enlargement of the liver and spleen, and occasionally produce a transient liver inflammation called mono hepatitis.
- Ear infections and diarrhea in children.
- Guillain-Barre syndrome.
- Certain cancers, including Burkitt’s lymphoma and cancers of the nose and throat.
Glandular fever complications Most people get better with no problems. But sometimes glandular fever may lead to other problems like: mild liver inflammation (hepatitis), which causes yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice) low levels of blood cells called platelets (thrombocytopenia)
Technically, yes, mono can be considered a sexually transmitted infection (STI). But that’s not to say that all cases of mono are STIs. Mono, or infectious mononucleosis as you might hear your doctor call it, is a contagious disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV is a member of the herpesvirus family.
The syndrome of infectious mononucleosis is commonly seen with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. It may cause acute hepatitis, which is usually self-limiting and characterised by mildly elevated liver enzymes, but rarely jaundice.
Treatment. The treatment of EBV hepatitis is generally supportive since most cases will resolve on their own after the infection runs its course.
Usually for adults, hepatitis B goes away on its own and you won’t need treatment. Your doctor might tell you to rest, eat well, and get plenty of fluids. You may also get medicines to help with any symptoms you might have — but be sure to talk with your doctor or nurse before taking anything.
Infectious mononucleosis is a largely benign disease process that occurs secondary to infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. However, it can also present with more serious complications, including auto-immune hemolytic anemia and acute liver failure.
Most (ie, 80-100%) of patients with acute infectious mononucleosis have elevated liver enzymes, even though jaundice is not usually present. Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and bilirubin levels peak 5-14 days after onset, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels peak at 1-3 weeks after onset.
If a teenager or adult is infected, they may experience symptoms like fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and fever. In very rare cases, EBV can cause a chronic infection, which can be fatal if left untreated. EBV has also been linked with a variety of conditions, including cancers and autoimmune disorders.
In healthy hosts, B lymphocytes and epithelial cells are the cellular targets for EBV primary infection. However, the EBV can infect a wide range of non-B lymphocytes, and it critically affects the development and pathogenesis of EBV-related diseases (63).
Besides causing splenomegaly, mononucleosis (mono) can affect the liver, lymph nodes, and other body systems. Often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, mono usually strikes patients ages 15 to 25, but can occur in people of any age. Typical signs and symptoms include malaise, sore throat, and fever.
Enlarged spleen. Head and body aches. Liver involvement, such as mild liver damage that can cause temporary jaundice, a yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes due to abnormally high levels of bilirubin (bile pigmentation) in the bloodstream.
For some people, their liver or spleen or both may remain enlarged even after their fatigue ends. Most people get better in two to four weeks; however, some people may feel fatigued for several more weeks.
- Rheumatoid arthritis. …
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). …
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). …
- Multiple sclerosis (MS). …
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus. …
- Guillain-Barre syndrome. …
- Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. …
- Psoriasis.
Many transcription factors were associated with these regions as well. These findings suggest that EBV infection drives the activation of genes that contribute to an individual’s risk of developing autoimmune disease.
High-dose intravenous vitamin C is an effective treatment for infection with the Epstein-Barr virus.
In rare cases, the EBV can cause mild inflammation of the liver, known as hepatitis. It is more common in people over 30 years of age. Symptoms of hepatitis include: jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes.
You can develop an inflamed liver because of excessive consumption of alcohol. The liver can also become swollen from processing too many other toxins, such as excess amounts of acetaminophen or other supplements and medications. Cirrhosis is the formation of scar tissue on the liver because of alcoholism or hepatitis.
Once you’re infected with EBV, you carry the virus — usually in a dormant state — for the rest of your life. Sometimes, however, the virus may reactivate. When this happens, you’re not likely to become ill. Rarely, reactivated EBV may cause illness in people who have weak immune systems, such as those who have AIDS.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the underlying pathogen of infectious mononucleosis, which is usually a benign, self-limiting disease. Neurologic symptoms have been described and comprise seizures, polyradiculomyelitis, transverse myelitis, encephalitis, and cranial nerve palsies.