Contents
- Open Fracture. When a broken bone breaks through the skin, it is classified as an open fracture. …
- Closed Fracture. …
- Displaced Fracture. …
- Subcategories.
- Open (compound) fracture.
- Stress fracture.
- Comminuted fracture.
- Greenstick fracture.
- Compression fracture.
single fracture, in which your bone is broken in one place into two pieces. comminuted fracture, in which your bone is broken or crushed into three or more pieces. compression fracture, in which your bone collapses under pressure.
Although there are many types of bone fractures, there are four main categories a fracture usually falls under: displaced, non-displaced, open and closed. We’ll start with the most grueling first: open and closed fractures. A closed fracture describes the bone breaking with no puncture through the skin.
- Transverse Fracture. Transverse fractures are breaks that are in a straight line across the bone. …
- Spiral Fracture. …
- Greenstick Fracture. …
- Stress Fracture. …
- Compression Fracture. …
- Oblique Fracture. …
- Impacted Fracture. …
- Segmental Fracture.
- Stable Fracture. This is the type of fracture that occurs when an injury causes the bone to break clean, with its parts in alignment. …
- Transverse Fracture. …
- Comminuted Fracture. …
- Oblique Fracture. …
- Compound Fracture. …
- Hairline Fracture. …
- Avulsion Fracture. …
- Greenstick Fracture.
- Avulsion. An avulsion fracture occurs when a connective tendon or ligament pulls a part of bone off, separating it from the rest of the bone.
- Comminuted. …
- Compression. …
- Greenstick. …
- Impacted. …
- Oblique. …
- Pathological. …
- Spiral.
There are five types of bones in the skeleton: flat, long, short, irregular, and sesamoid.
- Broken bones.
- Concussion.
- Dislocated shoulder.
- Fractures.
- Knee injuries, such as ACL and meniscus tears.
- Muscle sprains and strains.
- Rotator cuff tears.
Fractures are classified as open and closed. An open fracture is one in which there is a break in the skin that is contiguous with the fracture.
- Avulsion fracture – A bone is pulled on by a muscle or ligament, breaking it.
- Com-minuted fracture – The bone is broken into a lot of pieces.
- Compression (crush) fracture is a fracture that usually occurs in the spongy bone of the spine.
- Hematoma formation.
- Fibrocartilaginous callus formation.
- Bony callus formation.
- Bone remodeling.
Areas of the bone immediately above and below the growth plate may fracture. They are called the epiphysis (the tip of the bone) and metaphysis (the “neck” of the bone). The most common growth plate fracture runs through the metaphysis.
The fractures that are most common in children are the incomplete fractures; these fractures are the greenstick and torus or buckle fractures.
The two main types of traction are skeletal traction and skin traction.
- Long bone – has a long, thin shape. …
- Short bone – has a squat, cubed shape. …
- Flat bone – has a flattened, broad surface. …
- Irregular bone – has a shape that does not conform to the above three types.
- Ball-and-socket joints. Ball-and-socket joints, such as the shoulder and hip joints, allow backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movements.
- Hinge joints. …
- Pivot joints. …
- Ellipsoidal joints.
Even though teeth and bones seem very similar, they are actually different. Teeth are not bones. Yes, both are white in color and they do indeed store calcium, but that’s where their similarities end.
- Animal bites.
- Bruises.
- Burns.
- Dislocations.
- Electrical injuries.
- Fractures (broken bones)
- Sprains and strains.
A fracture is a break, usually in a bone. If the broken bone punctures the skin, it is called an open or compound fracture. Fractures commonly happen because of car accidents, falls, or sports injuries. Other causes are low bone density and osteoporosis, which cause weakening of the bones.
An acute injury is generally an injury that is severe and with sudden onset. Sprained ankles, strained backs, and fractured hands are acute injuries. Acute injury is a sudden injury that is usually associated with a traumatic event such as clashing into another player during sports or a fall from a bike.
(ix) Stress fracture: More common among athletes. A bone breaks because of repeated stresses and strains.
Closed or open fractures: If the injury doesn’t break open the skin, it’s called a closed fracture. If the skin does open, it’s called an open fracture or compound fracture. Complete fractures: The break goes completely through the bone, separating it in two. Displaced fractures: A gap forms where the bone breaks.
The process of bone formation is called osteogenesis or ossification. After progenitor cells form osteoblastic lines, they proceed with three stages of development of cell differentiation, called proliferation, maturation of matrix, and mineralization.
Bone ClassificationsBone classificationFeaturesExamplesShortCube-like shape, approximately equal in length, width, and thicknessCarpals, tarsalsFlatThin and curvedSternum, ribs, scapulae, cranial bonesIrregularComplex shapeVertebrae, facial bones
The first step in bone fracture recovery is to rest. Resting the part of the body with the fracture while it’s healing is crucial. This can mean that the muscles around the fracture get weak, so people may need to do exercises to build them up once the break has healed.
In fracture. An incomplete, or greenstick, fracture occurs when the bone cracks and bends but does not completely break; when the bone does break into separate pieces, the condition is called a complete fracture.
A distal humerus fracture is a break in the lower end of the upper arm bone (humerus), one of the three bones that come together to form the elbow joint. A fracture in this area can be very painful and make elbow motion difficult or impossible.
Most growth plate fractures happen from falling or twisting. Contact sports (like football or basketball) or fast-moving activities (like skiing, skateboarding, sledding, or biking) are common causes. Growth plate fractures also can happen from repetitive activities, like training for gymnastics or pitching a baseball.