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Gram-negative rods of the type species, Arthrobacter globiformis, were also examined and found to produce a gram-positive type of wall with a 19-nm average thickness.
Some Arthrobacter strains have been isolated from human sources and are consequently considered opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms.
Arthrobacter agilis Spheres (0.8–1.2 μm in diameter) occur in pairs and tetrads. The dark rose-red pigment is water-insoluble. The species is motile by means of one to three flagella, though non-motile strains can occur.
Arthrobacter globiformis strain ATCC 8010 was estimated to have a low hazard toward both human health and the environment; and exposure to Canadians and the environment is low. Therefore, it is concluded that Arthrobacter globiformis strain ATCC 8010 is not harmful to human health or to the environment.
Arthrobacter, like other bacterial genera including Brevibacterium, Microbacterium, and Corynebacterium are used for industrial production of L-glutamate.
The genus Arthrobacter includes a heterogeneous group of aerobic, gram-positive, catalase-positive, nonfermentative coryneform bacteria of high G+C DNA content (18).
Members of the genus Arthrobacter are usually regarded as obligate aerobic bacteria. The anaerobic growth and energy metabolism of two Arthrobacter species were investigated.
The genus Arthrobacter includes catalase-positive coryneform bacteria with an oxidative metabolism, the cell wall of which contains l-lysine as the diamino acid and cellular fatty acids of the branched type (6).
The two major ‘species groups’A. globiformis/Arthrobacter citreus and Arthrobacter nicotianae differ in their peptidoglycan structure, teichoic acid content and lipid composition [4].
Arthrobacter spp. are coryneform Gram-positive aerobic bacteria, belonging to the class Actinobacteria. Representatives of this genus have mainly been isolated from soil, mud, sludge or sewage, and are usually mesophiles. In recent years, the presence of Arthrobacter spp.
Microbacterium spp. are yellow-pigmented Gram-positive coryneform rods found in various environmental sources, such as soil and water samples. They rarely cause human infection, mostly infecting immunocompromised patients and catheter insertion sites, making them challenging to identify in clinical settings.
After septum formation is completed, the two daughter cells remain attached by the outer layer of the cell wall. It appears that localized rupture of the outer layer during further wall growth is responsible for the phenomenon known as “snapping division” or “snapping postfission movement.”
Bacillus species are rod-shaped, endospore-forming aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria; in some species cultures may turn Gram-negative with age. The many species of the genus exhibit a wide range of physiologic abilities that allow them to live in every natural environment.
bacillus, (genus Bacillus), any of a genus of rod-shaped, gram-positive, aerobic or (under some conditions) anaerobic bacteria widely found in soil and water. The term bacillus has been applied in a general sense to all cylindrical or rodlike bacteria.
faecalis was isolated in 1896 by Petruschky from stale beer. Several strains of the organism have been found since then. This species is motile, flagellated, slender, slightly curved, not spore-forming, slowly growing, nonfermenting, capsule forming, Gram-negative aerobe of the family Alcaligenaceae.
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive, catalase and coagulase positive coccus and by far the most important pathogen among the staphylococci. It produces enzymes such as catalase which are considered to be virulence determinants.
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria that cause a wide variety of clinical diseases. Infections caused by this pathogen are common both in community-acquired and hospital-acquired settings.
Catalase positive. Most species are also oxidase and urease positive. Nitrate reduction to nitrite is variable. Optimum growth temperature and pH are 20–30°C and 6.5–8, respectively.
Micrococcus, genus of spherical bacteria in the family Micrococcaceae that is widely disseminated in nature. Micrococci are microbiologically characterized as gram-positive cocci, 0.5 to 3.5 μm (micrometres; 1 μm = 10-6 metre) in diameter.
You may develop a nontuberculous mycobacterial infection if you drink contaminated water. Bacteria can also enter the body through a break in the skin, such as a puncture wound that gets contaminated with water or soil. Inhaling the bacteria also puts you at risk for infection.
M. tuberculosis is transmitted through the air, not by surface contact. Transmission occurs when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis, and the droplet nuclei traverse the mouth or nasal passages, upper respiratory tract, and bronchi to reach the alveoli of the lungs (Figure 2.2).
- Fever.
- Sweating.
- Weight loss.
- Fatigue.
- Diarrhea.
- Shortness of breath.
- Abdominal pain.
- Anemia.
In asexual reproduction, a parent cell divides and the result it what? … Only the inner layer of the cell wall forms. This puts tension on the remaining cell wall causing it to “snap” or tear. The two cells still remain attached by the remaining cell wall called a hinge.
budding bacterium, plural Budding Bacteria, any of a group of bacteria that reproduce by budding. … In budding, the cell wall grows from one point on the cell (polar growth), rather than throughout the cell; this permits the development of more complex structures and processes.
Deeply branching bacteria are phylogenetically the most ancient forms of life, being the closest to the last universal common ancestor. Deeply branching bacteria include many species that thrive in extreme environments that are thought to resemble conditions on earth billions of years ago.