What is exogenous infection?

A significant amount of prominent diseases are induced by exogenous bacteria such as gonorrhea, meningitis, tetanus, and syphilis. Pathogenic exogenous bacteria can enter a host via cutaneous transmission, inhalation, and consumption.

In exogenous infection, no microbial carriage precedes colonization and infection. In endogenous infection, infection is preceded by oropharyngeal or GI carriage.

Endogenous infections are caused by an overgrowth of organisms that are normally present in the genital tract. One example of an endogenous infection is bacterial vaginosis. Iatrogenic infections may be introduced into the reproductive tract by medical procedures.

In an economic model, an exogenous variable is one whose value is determined outside the model and is imposed on the model, and an exogenous change is a change in an exogenous variable. In contrast, an endogenous variable is a variable whose value is determined by the model.

n. An infection caused by an infectious agent that is already present in the body, but has previously been inapparent or dormant.

1 : growing from or on the outside exogenous spores. 2 : caused by factors (as food or a traumatic event) or an agent (as a disease-producing organism) from outside the organism or system exogenous obesity exogenous depression.

To prevent endogenous infection, selective gastrointestinal decontamination (SD) that requires bacteriological surveillance of the patient’s intestinal microflora and the environment, as well as the use of eubiotics.

An Environmental Escherichia coli Strain Is Naturally Competent to Acquire Exogenous DNA.

Dressings act as barriers against exogenous bacteria (Sharp, 2001) and topical agents may be used with or coated on dressings to treat or prevent wound infections, so that these microorganisms are destroyed or their growth limited. Silver is one of most popular topical agents added or incorporated into dressings.

Exogenous sources include those that are not part of the patient. Examples include visitors, medical personnel, equipment and the healthcare environment.

Neoprene, natural rubber latex, and nitrile gloves displayed the highest resistance to permeation of the 13 cytotoxic agents studied. Additional factors, such as duration of exposure, glove thickness, and drug liposolubility and molecular weight, also affected permeability.

Therefore, endogenous contamination of S aureus is considered to have a major role in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections. Possible route for transmission of S aureus includes other patients, health-care workers, and the ICU environment.

(en-DAH-jeh-nus) Produced inside an organism or cell. The opposite is external (exogenous) production.

Exogeneity is a standard assumption made in regression analysis, and when used in reference to a regression equation tells us that the independent variables X are not dependent on the dependent variable (Y).

The last link in the chain of infection is the susceptible host. This is the organism (e.g., You or your resident!) that will feel the effects of the infectious disease that has traveled through the chain of infection.

“Endogenous” means “produced inside an organism or cell.”1 An endogenous substance, therefore, is a substance that originates within the body of a living organism. … Endogenous is the opposite of exogenous, which means originating outside a living organism.

Endogenous substances are substances that originate within a living organism whereas exogenous substances are substances that originate from outside a living organism. Examples of endogenous substances include cells, tissues, and organs whereas examples of exogenous substances include drugs and medicines.

Describes substances within the human body which have arisen from an external source in the diet or environment; for example, veterinary medicine residues.

Some patients are at greater risk than others-young children, the elderly, and persons with compromised immune systems are more likely to get an infection. Other risk factors are long hospital stays, the use of indwelling catheters, failure of healthcare workers to wash their hands, and overuse of antibiotics.

The prodromal stage refers to the period after incubation and before the characteristic symptoms of infection occur. People can also transmit infections during the prodromal stage. During this stage, the infectious agent continues replicating, which triggers the body’s immune response and mild, nonspecific symptoms.

But infectious bacteria can make you ill. They reproduce quickly in your body. Many give off chemicals called toxins, which can damage tissue and make you sick.

A successful infection of the human intestine by enteropathogenic bacteria depends on the ability of bacteria to attach and colonize the intestinal epithelium and, in some cases, to invade the host cell, survive intracellularly and disseminate from cell to cell.

Latent infection, generally speaking, means the residence in the body of a specific infectious agent without any manifest symptoms. The symptomless incubation period, which in certain diseases, notably measles and smallpox, is fairly definite in length, is a period of latency in infection.

• hand hygiene and cough etiquette.
• the use of personal protective equipment (PPE)
• the safe use and disposal of sharps.
• routine environmental cleaning.
• incorporation of safe practices for handling blood, body fluids and secretions as well as excretions [91].

Contact transmission This is the most important and frequent mode of transmission in the health care setting. Organisms are transferred through direct contact between an infected or colonized patient and a susceptible health care worker or another person.

• Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)
• Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
• Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI)
• Surgical site infections.
• Clostridium difficile.
• Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP)
• Surgical site infection (SSI)

The permeability of four glove materials to various antineoplastic drugs was studied. … The nitrile gloves were the thinnest (0.12 mm), and the latex gloves were the thickest (0.18 mm). The four materials were generally impermeable to each drug.

Results: The permeability of gloves was increased by exposure to Chlorispray and Cresophene, but 5% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate had no effect. Major surface changes were noticed in NaOCl, EDTA, Cresophene, and Chlorispray groups, while eugenol and chlorhexidine gluconate had minimal or no effect.

CHOOSING A HAND LOTION Petroleum-based lotion formulations can weaken latex gloves and increase permeability.

The major sources of staphylococcal infections are the skin and mucosa in humans. While in the case of Staphylococcus aureus the infection route may be either endogenous or exogenous, in the case of coagulase-negative staphylococci, the endogenous route predominates.

Exogenous infections, in contrast, involve a pathogen entering a patient’s body from their environment. These pathogens can be introduced through a contaminated device, healthcare worker, surface, or other vector.

aureus occurs from endogenous rather than from exogenous sources and that the endogenous acquisition of both bacteria play a more important role in development of nosocomial infections than the exogenous route of transmission.

Agricultural inputs are also considered to be endogenous. For example, the amount of crop yields is endogenous because it is dependent on many other variables, such as the weather, soil fertility, water availability, pests, and diseases.

Many illnesses are associated with an alteration of the immune system homeostasis due to a combination of factors, including exogenous bacterial insult, endogenous breakdown (e.g. development of a disease that results in immuno suppression), or an exogenous hit like surgery that simultaneously alters immune …

In econometrics, endogeneity broadly refers to situations in which an explanatory variable is correlated with the error term. … The problem of endogeneity is often, unfortunately, ignored by researchers conducting non-experimental research and doing so precludes making policy recommendations.